The Clarks’ findings indicated that feelings of inferiority existed at an early age, as children generally considered the white dolls prettier and smarter than the black dolls. In the test, black children were shown two dolls, a white doll and a black doll, and asked for their opinions of each. Clark had traveled to Clarendon County, South Carolina, to administer a test he and his wife, Mamie, had developed. Social psychologist Kenneth Clark testified in the lower courts that segregation causes black children “to reject themselves and their color and accept whites as desirable” (Williams, 202). He was well aware that the Fund’s reputation and national racial progress were reliant on the outcome of Brown. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Legal Defense and Educational Fund’s chief counsel, Thurgood Marshall, managed the case. Ferguson decision, and because of their common legal challenge the Supreme Court combined the cases and decided them together. These cases were designed to challenge the “separate but equal” doctrine established in the U.S. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia Bolling v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas Briggs v.
Board of Education (1954) was a consolidation of five school desegregation cases: Brown v. It came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of colored people throughout the world who had had a dim vision of the promised land of freedom and justice … this decision came as a legal and sociological deathblow to an evil that had occupied the throne of American life for several decades” ( Papers 3:472).īrown v.
Board of Education: “To all men of good will, this decision came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of human captivity. While speaking at an annual luncheon of the National Committee for Rural Schools on 15 December 1956, Martin Luther King, Jr., reflected on the importance of Brown v.
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